It results in cell turnover and gets rid of the pigmented cells. This is a minimally invasive treatment performed by a dermatologist using a derma roller (a small, handheld paint roller coated in tiny needles). Microneedling technique uses fine needles to create many small incisions in the top layers of the skin. This treatment is faster as it speeds up the removal of pathways for melanin. Laser and light-based treatments are the next line of defense after topical therapy or chemical peels. A combination of such chemicals are also being used to treat melasma in recent times. Glycolic acid is one of the most effective chemical peels. They are frequently used in combination with other topical products.
#Dark ro patch skin#
They function by removing the outermost layers of the skin that contain the discoloration. Procedural treatments include chemical peels, laser and light-based treatments, and microneedling. It induces the lightening of the skin by inhibiting the function of tyrosinase. Glutathione has one of the most powerful antioxidants produced by cells in the human body and is a tripeptide of glutamate, cysteine and glycine.
#Dark ro patch free#
It contains antioxidants that protect the skin from free radical damage. Polypodium leucotomos is a tropical fern. TXA prevents pigmentation by interrupting the plasminogen that binds to the keratinocyte. When skin is exposed to sunlight, it leads to the synthesis of a plasmin activator, which thereby increases plasmin activity in keratinocytes. Oral treatments for melasma include Tranexamic acid, Polypodium leucotomos and Glutathione. It could have some side effects like upset stomach, dizziness and rash. Niacinamide prevents the transfer of melanosomes from melanocytes to the keratinocytes. It affects melanogenesis by preventing free-radical production and absorption of ultraviolet radiation.īecause it is almost devoid of side effects, it could be used alone or in combination therapy.
Ascorbic Acid:Īscorbic acid has antioxidant properties. They lead to epidermal atrophy (thinning and flattening of the epidermis). Corticosteroids have been combined with other agents in the treatment of melasma for years.
Corticosteroids:Ĭorticosteroids decrease the epidermal turnover and thus, may have a depigmenting effect. Tretinoin is a Retinoid that affects multiple steps in the melanization pathway. It acts by inhibiting the production of free tyrosinase it is also a potent antioxidant. It is derived from certain species of Acetobacter, Aspergillus, and Penicillium. Kojic acid (5-hydroxy-2-hydroxymethyl-4-pyrone) is a naturally occurring, hydrophilic fungal product. įree radicals are known to contribute to hyperpigmentation and azelaic acid functions by reducing free radical production. Azelaic Acid:Īzelaic acid inhibits the synthesis of hyperactive melanocytes, and has an antityrosinase activity. It inhibits the activity of Tyrosinase, a biological catalyst that triggers melanin production in melanocytes. HQ preparations are commonly used at concentrations varying from 2-5% and can be applied once daily. Hydroquinone is found in over-the-counter formulas, but higher strength versions can only be obtained through a prescription. It is available in the form of a cream, lotion, gel or liquid. Hydroquinone functions by lightening the skin. Hydroquinone (HQ), also known as dihydroxybenzene, is a hydroxy phenolic compound. Topical treatments for melasma include Iron oxide, Hydroquinone, Azelaic acid, Kojic acid, Tretinoin, Corticosteroids, Ascorbic acid and niacinamide. Treatments of melasma include topical, oral, procedural and combination treatments. Tranexamic acid, Polypodium leucotomos and Glutathione. Iron oxide, Hydroquinone, Azelaic acid, Kojic acid, Tretinoin, Corticosteroids, Ascorbic acid and Niacinamide.
Melasma is also referred to as 'mask of pregnancy', because dark patches that appear on the nose, cheekbones and jaws are prevalent while women are expecting. But melasma can develop at any stage of your life. Young women with darker skin complexion are more prone to developing melasma. The name comes from melas, the Greek word for black, or cholas, from the word green-ish. Dark patches appear on part of the face due to excess production of melanin (skin pigment). Melasma is a skin condition that occurs most commonly on the face.
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